ASEAN certificates of origin: Form D, Form E, AK, AJ, AI, AANZ, RCEP
Each ASEAN free trade agreement has its own certificate of origin form, and the importing customs grants the lower duty only if the right form comes with the goods. Form D covers trade within ASEAN, Form E trade with China, Form AK with Korea, Form AJ with Japan, Form AI with India and Form AANZ with Australia and New Zealand. Within ASEAN, certified exporters can also declare origin on the invoice.
Checked against official sources: 2026-10
At a glance
Which form for which agreement
Singapore Customs and JETRO list the same forms for the ASEAN agreements. The form follows the agreement, not the product, so check which agreement links the exporting and importing countries and which gives the lower rate for your HS code:
- ASEAN Trade in Goods Agreement (ATIGA), trade between ASEAN members: Form D.
- ASEAN–China Free Trade Area (ACFTA): Form E.
- ASEAN–Korea Free Trade Area (AKFTA): Form AK.
- ASEAN–Japan Comprehensive Economic Partnership (AJCEP): Form AJ.
- ASEAN–India Free Trade Area (AIFTA): Form AI.
- ASEAN–Australia–New Zealand Free Trade Area (AANZFTA): Form AANZ.
- ASEAN–Hong Kong, China Free Trade Agreement (AHKFTA): Form AHK.
- Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP): Form RCEP.
Who issues the certificate
JETRO explains that producers or exporters apply for the certificate to the issuing authority of their own country; each ASEAN member has its own customs or trade office for this, and in Japan applicants register with the Japan Chamber of Commerce and Industry. Agreements with countries outside ASEAN may use other proofs, for example an origin declaration on the invoice under the EFTA–Singapore agreement, so read the rules of the agreement you use.
ATIGA self-certification instead of Form D
Under ASEAN-wide Self-Certification (AWSC), in force since 20 September 2020, certified exporters authorised by their competent authority can self-certify the origin of their exports under ATIGA. They make out an origin declaration on the commercial invoice or, if that is not possible at export, on a billing statement, delivery order or packing list. AWSC exists alongside paper Form D and e-Form D, and exporters may use any of them.
The ASEAN guidebook adds that a proof of origin is waived for consignments not exceeding USD 200 FOB, that a proof of origin is valid for 12 months from issue, and that exporters keep supporting records for at least 3 years.
Step by step
- Identify the agreement between the exporting and importing countries, and compare its preferential rate for your HS code with other agreements such as RCEP.
- Check the product-specific rule of origin for your HS code under that agreement and keep the cost and material records that prove it.
- Apply to your country's issuing authority for the matching form, or make an origin declaration if you are an ATIGA certified exporter.
- Make sure the HS code, description, quantity and invoice details match the commercial invoice and packing list.
- Send the original or electronic certificate to the buyer before the goods arrive, so the importer can claim the preference at clearance.
- Keep the supporting records for the period the agreement sets, at least 3 years under ATIGA self-certification.
Documents you usually need
- Certificate of origin (Form D, E, AK, AJ, AI, AANZ, AHK or RCEP)
- Origin declaration on the invoice (ATIGA certified exporters)
- Commercial invoice
- Packing list
- Bill of lading or air waybill
- Cost and material records proving origin
Common problems and how to avoid them
What to do: Use the form of the agreement the importer claims under, for example Form E for China and Form AK for Korea.
What to do: Prepare the certificate from the same data as the commercial invoice and packing list.
What to do: Only certified exporters authorised by the competent authority can self-certify under AWSC; others use Form D.
What to do: Under ATIGA a proof of origin is valid for 12 months from issue; check the validity rule of each agreement.
Sources
- Forms for claiming preferential tariff treatment (August 2019) Singapore Customs
- Certificates of origin under ASEAN free trade agreements (Q&A) JETRO
- ASEAN-wide Self-Certification Guidebook ASEAN Secretariat
Rules change often. This note is practical guidance based on the sources above, not legal advice. Confirm current requirements with the authority, your importer or a licensed customs broker before you ship.
Trade notes
Common questions
What is Form E?
The certificate of origin for the ASEAN–China Free Trade Area (ACFTA), used to claim preferential duty on goods traded between ASEAN members and China.
What is Form D?
The certificate of origin under the ASEAN Trade in Goods Agreement (ATIGA) for trade between ASEAN members. Certified exporters can use an origin declaration instead.
Which form is used for ASEAN–Korea and ASEAN–Japan trade?
Form AK for the ASEAN–Korea Free Trade Area and Form AJ for the ASEAN–Japan Comprehensive Economic Partnership.
Who issues these certificates?
The issuing authority in the exporting country; each ASEAN member has its own office, and in Japan applicants register with the Japan Chamber of Commerce and Industry.
What is ASEAN-wide Self-Certification?
A scheme in force since 20 September 2020 that lets certified exporters declare ATIGA origin on the commercial invoice or another commercial document instead of getting Form D.
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